In this work, TRANSPARENT heterojunction between zinc oxide (ZnO) and poly (N-vinyl carbazole) (PVK) was fabricated by solution processing techniques such as spin-coating and dip-coating techniques; then, its performance was studied using current (I) -voltage (V) measurement at room temperature. Before fabricating the heterojunction, initially, the growth characteristics of both thin films were independently optimized on a well-cleaned glass substrate, then its structural properties, optical properties, and surface topography were characterized using an Xray diffractometer, UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer, and atomic force microscope, respectively. The structural analysis confirms the existence of a PVK thin film in amorphous nature and ZnO thin film in hexagonal crystal structure. The TRANSPARENT nature of the heterojunction was found to be more than 85% in the visible and NIR regions with the absorption onset in the ultraviolet region. The observed experimental results explored the possibilities of fabricating ZnO/PVK TRANSPARENT heterojunction by solution-based routes on a TRANSPARENT fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate for TRANSPARENT ELECTRONICS applications.

In this article we show that a single TRANSPARENT wedge or a plate with a wedge part can be used as a very simple and useful interferometer with numerous applications. This interferometer permits to modulate phase distribution on interference fringes to evaluate quantitatively the parallelism of a light beam and aberration of a wavefront, to specify the spectral line shape in a wide range, to measure the light wavelength and refractive indices of solids and liquids. In addition, it provides suitable beams for holographic study of phase objects and fabrication of diffraction gratings.

Dear Editor-in-Chief, eer-reviewers for funding allocation are under the same obligations as referees who critically and TRANSPARENTly review the assigned manuscript (1). Therefore, TRANSPARENT peer review of grant applications is also needed because the TRANSPARENT funding of novel and innovative research projects could make high-impact manuscripts and make great progress in science. . .